Momentum Calculator
Calculate momentum instantly in your browser — the published formula, worked locally with no data sent anywhere.
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What this tool does
Calculate momentum instantly in your browser — the published formula, worked locally with no data sent anywhere. Momentum is a vector — opposite directions have opposite signs, which is what makes total momentum conserved in collisions. Mass is assumed constant during the impulse.
How to use the Momentum Calculator
- Enter or select mass (kg).
- Enter or select velocity (m/s).
- Enter or select starting velocity for impulse (m/s).
- Read the calculated result; change any measurement to compare alternatives.
Formula
momentum p = m × v; impulse J = Δp = m × (v − v₀) — the impulse-momentum theorem: the impulse applied equals the change in momentum.
- mass
- Mass (kg)
- velocity
- Velocity (m/s)
- v0
- Starting velocity for impulse (m/s)
Momentum is a vector — opposite directions have opposite signs, which is what makes total momentum conserved in collisions. Mass is assumed constant during the impulse.
Worked example
For momentum calculator, the following measurements illustrate the exact method: Mass (kg): 5; Velocity (m/s): 10; Starting velocity for impulse (m/s): 0.
Inputs
- Mass (kg)5
- Velocity (m/s)10
- Starting velocity for impulse (m/s)0
Result
- Momentum (kg·m/s)50
- Impulse from the starting velocity (N·s)50
- Kinetic energy at this velocity (J)250
Results explained
- Momentum (kg·m/s)
- Momentum (kg·m/s) from the formula above. Momentum is a vector — opposite directions have opposite signs, which is what makes total momentum conserved in collisions. Mass is assumed constant during the impulse.
- Impulse from the starting velocity (N·s)
- Impulse from the starting velocity (N·s) from the formula above. Momentum is a vector — opposite directions have opposite signs, which is what makes total momentum conserved in collisions. Mass is assumed constant during the impulse.
- Kinetic energy at this velocity (J)
- Kinetic energy at this velocity (J) from the formula above. Momentum is a vector — opposite directions have opposite signs, which is what makes total momentum conserved in collisions. Mass is assumed constant during the impulse.
Frequently asked questions
momentum p = m × v; impulse J = Δp = m × (v − v₀) — the impulse-momentum theorem: the impulse applied equals the change in momentum.
Momentum is a vector — opposite directions have opposite signs, which is what makes total momentum conserved in collisions. Mass is assumed constant during the impulse.
Every field is labelled with its unit — enter values in exactly the labelled unit and read the result in the labelled output unit. Fields with a unit symbol also support the site-wide imperial/metric switch, which converts before the formula runs.
It uses double-precision arithmetic and the published constants and formulas named on this page. The last displayed digit may be rounded, and real conditions can differ from the idealized model described in the assumptions.
Yes. Every calculation runs entirely in your browser; nothing you enter is uploaded, stored or shared.